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There was a systematic increase in risk of abnormality or poorer functioning for children with meningitis,compared with control children, across all categories tested,which was significant for fine motor function.Intelligence quotient(IQ)scores,and tests of school behavior, neuropsychological function,and auditory figure-ground differentiation. Eleven children who had experiences meningitis(8.5%)had major deficits(IQ< 70,seizures,hydrocephalus,spasticity,blindness,or severe to profound hearing loss);a further 24(18.5%)cases and 14(10.8%)control children had minor deficits(IQ 70 to 80,inability to read,mild to moderate hearing loss,abnormalities in speech discrimination,or school behavior problems). Overall,children who had meningitis were at greater risk(26.9%)for disability.Children with acute neurologic complications had more adverse outcomes than those with uncomplicated meningitis and control children(39% vs 18%vs 11%,respectively).One in four school-age meningitis survivors has either serious and disabling sequelae or a functionally important behavior disorder,neuropsychologic or auditory dysfunction adversely affecting academic performance.As a group,survivors function less well than their classroom peers,and risk is greatest for,but not confined to,those who had acute neurologic complications.All survivors require careful follow-up,at least until school age. |
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